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Of the 12 articles evaluated after a year literature search of this review, chemosensory disorders including taste, smell, and trigeminal impairments are described and evaluated in pSS patients, with mainly poorer performance compared to healthy controls.
Diagnostic and therapeutic including rehabilitation approaches of chemosensory disorders in pSS are discussed in this review. This review also highlights some lack in knowledge on pSS chemosensory disorders that should provide new research perspectives. Olfactory, gustatory, and trigeminal interactions contribute to the essential daily functions nutrition, attention, social interactions and quality of life self-esteem, hedonicity, or enjoyment of life.
They are, also, essential to the appreciation of foods flavor, palatability, and early warning against toxins or spoiled food. Smell, taste, and trigeminal impairment chemosensory dysfuction would induce significant consequences on social withdrawal, depressive syndrome, impairing food intake, unbalance of associated underlying pathologies diabetes, hypertension… , and therapeutic observance [ 1 ].
Today, chemosensory dysfunction remains rarely investigated during the medical follow-up of patients although the recent COVID pandemic reveal that it could be a strong and clear sign of systemic condition [ 2 , 3 ]. It is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration associated or followed by the progressive destruction of the exocrine glands salivary and lachrymal glands… [ 5 , 6 ].
