Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Risk factors for poor vaccine immunogenicity include older age, shorter time from transplantation, use of mycophenolate and belatacept, and worse allograft function.
Vaccination of household contacts should be also prioritized. We discuss the clinical relevance of this observation, the strategies that may potentially increase the immune response of the vaccine, and the information that we should convey to transplant physicians and patients.
Within a record time frame, several vaccines have been developed using different technologies [ 10 ], and by May , more than 1. We will also assess the identified risk factors for vaccine nonresponse as well as limitations of the current evidence. Those patients are predominantly 50 or older with median age ranging between 49β Comorbidities rather than immunosuppression intensity were the main risk factors for impaired outcome in a large cohort [ 2 ].
The mortality rates in liver and heart transplant recipients seem to be lower compared with kidney transplant recipients [ 18 ], while some reports have shown higher complication rates in lung transplant recipients [ 25 ]. Modulation of immunosuppression before vaccination is not currently recommended, outside a clinical trial.
Potential strategies for increasing the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines in SOT recipients include to administer a third dose or using higher doses. Preliminary data show that a third dose of mRNA vaccine can partially improve immunogenicity in nonresponders. A cocooning strategy of vaccinating household members is highly recommended, if availability of the vaccine is assured.
